PINS is asking for public input on these topics to be submitted by March 14. PINS also wants to develop plans for managing large quantities of sand that constantly shift due to the wind and water, coordinating operations after storms, and removing large amounts of debris. Some ideas for solutions include holding fewer public hatching releases, limiting egg collections and adding aerial technology to monitor nests. A goal of the Kemp’s ridley bi-national action plan is for sea turtles to exist without human assistance,” the newsletter states. “To understand how we might manage sea turtles in the future, the Seashore is considering pilot studies. PINS officials said they’re seeking input on how to minimize human interaction with the turtles and other wildlife. The eggs are then taken to an incubation facility until they’re ready to hatch, and the hatchlings are then released on the beach. Staff members patrol the beach to locate nesting turtles and collect eggs. Those turtles are Kemp’s ridley, loggerhead, green, hawksbill and leatherback. Other options include adding vehicle-free pedestrian areas and requiring beach driving permits.Ĭurrently, sea turtle patrol crews try to keep vehicle and pedestrian traffic away from the turtles that nest there. Once capacity is determined, if visitation exceeds capacity, the Seashore may need to take action,” the newsletter states.Ī potential solution includes creating a road for the first five miles (until mile marker five) to allow traffic to bypass visitors. The National Park Service is obligated to assess visitor capacity to protect resources and visitor experience. “As visitation increases, the number of vehicles can also be expected to increase. One of the topics up for discussion is beach driving, as too many cars may negatively impact the visitor experience, PINS officials said in a newsletter. Officials said with the plan, they would have guidance on how to better protect and monitor activities on the beach. But even with all its visitors and historical significance, PINS has never had a Beach Management Plan since it was established in 1968. and is popular for swimming, fishing, bird watching and camping. The beach destination is the largest stretch of a barrier island in the U.S. PINS, which is south of Corpus Christi, is considering developing a Beach Management Plan that would address beach driving, along with the Sea Turtle Science and Recovery program, sand management, storm recovery and debris removal. Following these tips and with a little luck, you’re chances of finding great sea shells while on North Padre is almost guaranteed!Įvents feed courtesy of Corpus Christi Caller-Times.CORPUS CHRISTI – The Padre Island National Seashore is asking for public input on a series of possible changes at the national park, including potentially limiting beach driving. When you go searching for shells, bring a bucket and digging tool to help dig for partially buried shells and the bucket to carry them without breaking any. The best strategy is to go in between the tides or as the high tide is receding into low tide, leaving the shells in plain sight. High tide washes the shells onto the sand, and the receding low tide leaves them exposed on the beach. When deciding when to go shell hunting, use the tides as your guide. Areas close to jetties and piers can be the most productive for shells as well as the Padre Island National seashore, where there are miles of pristine shoreline that can produce some great shell hunting. You can find shells almost any time of the year but there are some locations that can reap better rewards. There are many varieties of seashells that wash up onto the beaches of North Padre, including sundials, lightning whelks, bay scallops, crab shells and the ever popular sand dollar, among many others. If you are interested in hunting for seashells while beachcombing, then North Padre has a lot to offer.
0 Comments
Because all the 2 p orbitals are degenerate, it doesn’t matter which one has the pair of electrons. One electron must be paired with another in one of the 2 p orbitals, which gives us two unpaired electrons and a 1 s 22 s 22 p 4 electron configuration. The electron configuration of nitrogen is thus 1 s 22 s 22 p 3.Īt oxygen, with Z = 8 and eight electrons, we have no choice. When we get to nitrogen ( Z = 7, with seven electrons), Hund’s rule tells us that the lowest-energy arrangement is Experimentally, it is found that the ground state of a neutral carbon atom does indeed contain two unpaired electrons. By Hund’s rule, the electron configuration of carbon, which is 1 s 22 s 22 p 2, is understood to correspond to the orbital diagram shown in c. Hund, 1896–1997), which today says that the lowest-energy electron configuration for an atom is the one that has the maximum number of electrons with parallel spins in degenerate orbitals. Choice c illustrates Hund’s rule (named after the German physicist Friedrich H. Similarly, experiments have shown that choice b is slightly higher in energy (less stable) than choice c because electrons in degenerate orbitals prefer to line up with their spins parallel thus, we can eliminate choice b. Figure 6.29 tells us that the next lowest energy orbital is 2 s, so the orbital diagram for lithium isīecause of electron-electron repulsions, it is more favorable energetically for an electron to be in an unoccupied orbital than in one that is already occupied hence we can eliminate choice a. We know that the 1 s orbital can hold two of the electrons with their spins paired. The next element is lithium, with Z = 3 and three electrons in the neutral atom. Otherwise, our configuration would violate the Pauli principle. Written as 1 s 2, where the superscript 2 implies the pairing of spins. The orbital diagram for the helium atom is therefore From the Pauli exclusion principle, we know that an orbital can contain two electrons with opposite spin, so we place the second electron in the same orbital as the first but pointing down, so that the electrons are paired. We place one electron in the orbital that is lowest in energy, the 1 s orbital. For hydrogen, therefore, the single electron is placed in the 1 s orbital, and the electron configuration (also known a spdf notation) is written as 1 s 1 and read as “one-s-one.”Ī neutral helium atom, with an atomic number of 2 ( Z = 2), has two electrons. Here is a schematic orbital box diagram for a hydrogen atom in its ground state:įrom the orbital diagram, we can write the electron configuration in an abbreviated form in which the occupied orbitals are identified by their principal quantum number n and their value of l ( s, p, d, or f), with the number of electrons in the subshell indicated by a superscript. A filled orbital is indicated by ↑↓, in which the electron spins are said to be paired. That is, recognizing that each orbital can hold two electrons, one with spin up ↑, corresponding to m s = +½, which is arbitrarily written first, and one with spin down ↓, corresponding to m s = −½. First we determine the number of electrons in the atom then we add electrons one at a time to the lowest-energy orbital available without violating the Pauli Exclusion Principle. We write electronic configurations by following the aufbau principle (from German, meaning “building up”). The periodic table is an incredibly helpful tool in writing electron configurations. Using the periodic table to determine the electron configurations of atoms is key, but also keep in mind that there are certain rules to follow when assigning electrons to different orbitals. Recall, we can use the periodic table to rank the energy levels of various orbitals. The valence electrons, electrons in the outermost shell, are the determining factor for the unique chemistry of the element. Many of the physical and chemical properties of elements can be correlated to their unique electron configurations. Commonly, the electron configuration is used to describe the orbitals of an atom in its ground state, but it can also be used to represent an atom that has ionized into a cation or anion by compensating for the loss of or gain of electrons in their subsequent orbitals (we will examine those in the next section). The electron configuration of an atom is the representation of the arrangement of electrons distributed among the orbital shells and subshells. It’s the missing half of this complete picture, and for me almost makes the original Launchpad S feel a tad limited without the XL. Here you can see the very reason why the XL has been created. The most telling picture for me is side-by-side Launchpad/Control XL picture. Control all MIDI-compatible iOS software via Camera Connection Kit.Includes Ableton Live Lite software and Loopmasters sample collection.16 multi-colour buttons for immediate track focus and key mixer controls.Plug straight into Mac, PC or iPad and start performing.
Until changing back to the grappling hook and canceling its action, you will be stuck to the wall. Then, use it to grab the wall and while the hook is working, change to a different weapon (like shotgun for example). When getting to an arena in devmap mode, summon the grappling hook with the /give console cheat. The 3rd person angle cheat allows you to view your character from different angles./noclip-makes you fly and go through walls but you cant shoot and bots cant see you.
Communication and critical thinking skills will also help you land jobs. Technical skills like drawing, using software to design images, and creating animations will come in handy. You can improve your graphic design skills through graphic design courses. If you’re a beginner, you can start working on beginner-friendly graphic design projects to gain more experience. Think about including print ads, digital graphics, commercials, and any other projects you’ve completed. Portfolios are a great way to sell yourself professionally. Take advantage of online learning resources to boost your chances of success. Do the research to find a path that aligns with your career goals and hone your skills in that area. As noted above, there are different types of graphic design careers. However, a graphic or visual design bootcamp can also teach you practical skills and get you hired. Employers prioritize a bachelor’s degree for most careers in this field. Although formal education isn’t mandatory for graphic design professionals, a graphic design degree is the most reliable path into the industry. There isn’t one right way to launch a career, but below we’ve listed some popular steps that can help get you started. Part of learning how to launch your designing career is understanding the ins and outs of the industry. How to Establish a Career in Graphic Design Graphic designers must have a strong understanding of a company’s brand, its products, its target audiences, and the purchasing behavior of its customers. Designers who work in marketing aim to attract consumers with striking images to generate more sales. Marketing and advertising accommodate several graphic design careers. Illustrators draw and create designs and logos for agencies or individuals seeking to improve their brand awareness. Graphic illustrations can be seen on fabrics, posters, magazines, and packages. Graphic illustration deals with artwork and images created using digital or analog tools. Brand identity also influences the design of products. In general, brand identity is informed by the overall message a company is attempting to send. Brand Identity Designīrand identity focuses on the image of a brand, which is created by using certain color palettes, artistic styles, and images. Below, we explore three different types of jobs. That way, you can acquire the right skills, education, and experience to set you on the right path. Types of Graphic Design Jobsīefore you focus on becoming a graphic designer, you must understand the different types of jobs that exist in the industry. In addition, the increased use of technology by businesses will mean more work for digital designers and UX designers in the coming years. However, there is demand for graphic designers as companies expand their digital presence and social media takes over the business world.ĭespite the modest employment growth rate, BLS still projects that 23,900 graphic design jobs will become available every year between 20. Is Graphic Design in High Demand?Īccording to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), graphic designers will experience a three percent job growth rate between 20, which is lower than the national average. Graphic designers might design user interfaces for apps, advertisements for publications, or logos for publications. These direct messages help brands more easily sell and promote their products and establish brand identity. Graphic design is the practice of using visual elements to convey a strong and clear message to the viewer. Access exclusive scholarships and prep coursesīy continuing you agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy, and you consent to receive offers and opportunities from Career Karma by telephone, text message, and email.Career Karma matches you with top tech bootcamps. Further, net written premiums at Specialty Financial increased 16% year over year and Other divisions improved 5% year over year. While net written premiums in Property & Transportation Group grew 10% year over year to $522 million in the quarter, the same at Specialty Casualty Group increased 11% year over year at $722 million. A combination of new business opportunities, increased exposures and a good renewal rate environment in the entire P&C group added to the growth. The Specialty P&C Insurance segment generated $1.5 billion in net written premiums, which rose 11% year over year, attributable to strong performance across the Property & Transportation, Specialty Casualty, Specialty Financial and Other divisions. The figure matched our estimate of $1.4 billion. Total cost and expenses increased 20.3% year over year to $1.4 billion due to higher P&C insurance losses and expenses, cost of managed investment entities and other expenses. The figure was higher than our estimate of $169.3 million. Net investment income decreased 5.6% year over year to $217 million in the quarter under review. P&C insurance net earned premiums of $1.4 billion climbed 10.4% year over year. The top line beat the Zacks Consensus Estimate by 4.5% and matched our estimate of $1.7 billion. The growth came on the back of higher P&C insurance net earned premiums and other income. Total revenues of $1.7 billion increased 11.3% year over year in the quarter. price-consensus-eps-surprise-chart | American Financial Group, Inc. Price, Consensus and EPS SurpriseĪmerican Financial Group, Inc. RAW: much greater control over the final image, JPG has reduced control as much of the image data is discarded.JPG: can be shared anywhere without editing, RAW requires editing before it can be shared.JPG: universal file format, RAW is unique to each camera.JPG: small file sizes, approximately a quarter the size of a RAW file.First though, a quick summary of the differences between RAW and JPG, which also applied to RAW vs other compressed image types like PNG or HEIF. However, RAW does have a number of advantages, which we will cover in this post. So far, this doesn’t sound great for RAW files! They also take up more space, and aren’t of a universal file format. You can’t just grab these RAW file and upload them to the internet or share them with friends. So instead of “Image.JPG”, you would have “Image.CR2”, or “Image.NEF”. For example, Canon RAW files have the “CR2” file type. Compare this to a JPG file of reasonable quality, from the same camera this will usually be around 4 megabytes – five times smaller!Īs I mentioned at the start of this section, every camera manufacturer has their own RAW file format. A RAW image file roughly works out to be around the same size as the number of megapixels of the camera – so for example, a 20 megapixel camera will save a RAW file of around 20 megabytes. This takes up a lot more space on your memory card. Essentially the camera takes the image data from the sensor, and saves it in an unedited and uncompressed format on the memory card. These changes are difficult to undo if you don’t like them.Ī RAW file on the other hand, is an uncompressed version of the image file. Additionally, the camera applies a number of tweaks to the image when it saves it in a compressed format, including adjusting the saturation, contrast, and sharpness of the image. A compressed image is a lot less flexible when it comes to editing, as much of the useful image data that image editors work with has been discarded in order to save file size. There are downsides however to using a compressed file like JPG or HEIF. They mean that when we load a webpage, we don’t have to wait ages for all the images to load, and when we email images to friends, we don’t take up too much of their inbox space. JPG is by far the most widely used, with HEIF being the default on most iPhones.Ĭompressed files are a good thing. They each have advantages and disadvantages. There are other types of compression available, such as PNG files, HEIF files and so on. The greater the compression, the greater the loss in quality, but the smaller the file size and the less storage space needed to save it. This means that various optimizations are applied to the image file, which makes the file size smaller. It’s also how we publish photos on our sites. So it’s easy to take a JPG image file and share it to a social media platform like Facebook or e-mail it to a friend, and they’ll be able to see that image without you needing to edit or change it in any way. JPG is a universally agreed upon image format that can be viewed across pretty much every device out there. There is no difference between a JPG and a JPEG, they are the same. So a JPG file on your hard drive would look like “Image.JPG”. This is often shortened to JPG, as a throwback to a time when file extensions could only be three letters. JPEG simply stands for “Joint Photographic Experts Group”, which is the name of the group that created the format. The standard on most cameras and devices is a format known as JPEG. Normally when you shoot with a digital camera or smartphone, the default setting is for it to save the images you take to your camera’s memory card in a compressed format. When using a camera, the two main photo formats available are JPG (or JPEG) and RAW. When it comes to smartphones, most Android smartphones which support RAW primarily shoot in DNG, which is a universal RAW file format. It is minimally processed and is usually uncompressed.Įvery camera manufacturer has their own RAW file format, for example Canon RAW files are.
The biggest difference between the two programs is in how they are funded. The ERC, on the other hand, is a tax credit that businesses can claim for eligible wages paid to employees during the pandemic. The PPP is a loan program that provides funds to small businesses to help them keep their employees on the payroll. While both programs can provide much-needed financial assistance, there are some key differences between them. However, it is important to note that the ERC and PPP are not interchangeable each has its own distinct eligibility requirements and benefits. The PPP is available to businesses of all sizes, and loans can be forgiven if certain criteria are met.Īs a result, the PPP can provide much needed financial assistance to businesses that are struggling to keep their employees on staff. In contrast, the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) is a loan program that provides small businesses with funds to help them cover their payroll and other expenses. The credit is available to eligible employers who experience economic hardship as a result of the pandemic, and who maintain their employees’ salaries at pre-pandemic levels. The Employee Retention Credit (ERC) is a refundable tax credit for eligible employers that retain their employees during the coronavirus pandemic. What are the major differences between the ERC and PPP? Businesses can claim the credit for wages paid after March 12, 2020, and before January 1, 2021.įor more information on the Employee Retention Credit, please visit the IRS website or SnackNation’s Guide to ERC Frequently Asked Questions. The credit is worth up to 50% of qualifying wages paid to employees, up to a maximum of $5,000 per employee. To be eligible, businesses must have experienced either a full or partial suspension of operations due to the COVID-19 pandemic, or a significant decline in gross receipts. The credit is available to businesses of all sizes, including sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations. The Employee Retention Credit is a tax credit designed to incentivize businesses to keep their workers on the payroll during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Payroll Protection Program has been extremely successful, helping millions of small businesses across the country keep their workers employed. The loans are forgivable if the business uses the money to maintain or rehire employees. The loans can be used to cover payroll costs, rent, utilities, and other expenses. The program is administered by the Small Business Administration (SBA) and provides loans of up to $10 million to small businesses that are experiencing financial hardship due to the pandemic. The Payroll Protection Program is a loan program that helps small businesses keep their workers employed during the COVID-19 pandemic. While the future remains uncertain, the PPP and Employee Retention Credit have been vital in helping businesses weather the pandemic so far. Together, these two programs have helped countless businesses stay afloat during these difficult times. The PPP provides much-needed financial assistance to small businesses, while the Employee Retention Tax Credit helps businesses keep their employees on the payroll. The PPP and Employee Retention Credit are two essential tools that business owners can use to weather the storm of the pandemic. The importance of PPP and ERC to business owners Businesses that are eligible for the employee retention credit are not eligible for the PPP. To be eligible for the PPP and PPP loan forgiveness, businesses must have fewer than 500 employees and must have experienced a decrease in business activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Tip: Take this 60 second quiz to see if you prequalify for the ERTC today! Repayment terms are flexible, and loans may be forgiven if used for certain eligible expenses. Loans are available for up to 2.5 times the organization’s average monthly payroll costs. The PPP is a loan program that is available to small businesses and certain nonprofit organizations. To be eligible for the credit, employers must have experienced a complete or partial shutdown of operations due to a COVID-19-related order from a governmental entity, or a significant decline in gross receipts. The credit is available for wages paid from Mathrough the new sunset date of December 2021. The credit is equal to 50% of the qualifying wages paid to employees, up to a maximum of $10,000 per employee. The Employee Retention Credit is a refundable tax credit that is available to employers who retained their employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the best grade, the coins sell at 132 000 USDĩ.They have a silver body and some copper pattern.It’s different from the others because of Luigi Giorgi’s sign on Yuan’s shoulder. Many would love to have this coin because of the rich history it holds.Īlso, it’s called the Luigi Giorgi coin. So, besides showing Yuan’s power, the coin marks a critical time in China’s history. The coin has the portrait of Yuan Shih-kai, the first President of China, on the head. There’s the sign of the wreath of flora with a grey color on the coin’s tail. It carries a deep message about China’s heritage. 1914 Yuan Shih-kai Silver Pattern Chinese CoinĬollectors love this coin because of its art. In their best grade, they go for between 400 000 to 500 000 USDĨ.They have reeded edges and a silver metal body.Now read on to see more about this whiskered dragon dollar. Remember, the art shows how the Eurasian culture blended into China.Įvery buyer loves to have this gem in their collection. It shows that the coin’s value comes from the artwork.Įxpect to see a unique dragon with a whisker in the clouds at the coin’s tail. They are one of the best items that Luigi designed. Also, it has the Italian coin engraver Luigi Giorgi’s sign. This coin has a high quality because of its design on the obverse and reverse. 1911 Silver Long Whiskered Dragon Dollar Chinese Coin These coins have an average price of 751 USDħ.They have a silver metal body with a reeded body.Wuchang and Nanking mints first struck them in 1911.Here are more features of this beautiful coin. Also, the words on the head have a deep history of China. But today, they are pretty rare to get.Ĭollectors yearn to have them, especially when in their high grades. The designer Luigi Giorgi from Tientsin mint made the art.Ĭhina struck these coins in high numbers at Wuchang and Nanking mints. You’ll love the coin’s art, both on the head and tail. You’ll sell or buy it from at least 59.90 USD to as high as 1 035 000 USD.The coin’s tail looks much more imploring with the dragon art. On the head, the letterings show that China minted these coins during Emperor Xuan Tong’s reign. So, expect most people to value it at a high price.Īlso, the 1910 Yunnan silver dollar has value because of the legend “spring dollar.” Remember, no other Chinses coin has such a term. Its design on both sides says much about the nation’s history. This beautiful silver dollar is one of the rare Chinese coins.
|
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |